Next.js is full stack React framework that built on top of React. It makes building full stack web applications with React much more easier!
Some features such as routing, route handling, data fetching... might be tricky with React. Next.js helps with those and more in a really simple manner.
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Enable full stack application, not just the frontend.
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Built-in optimizations - scripts, fonts, images are optimized by default, improve loading time and UX.
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File-based routing - easy creating and managing routes in your app with nested files.
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SEO built-in support - Next.js natively supports SEO tags and early presents them to the web crawlers when it gets visited - they won't see an empty page!
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Re-generate pages with updated data on time-based or on-demand - this helps your pages always be up to date when the data changed, in combination with server-side rendering, newly updated pages would be delivered... fast.
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And much more...